{"code":"CIV","codeName":"Civil Code","section":"[2168.]","citation":"Civ. Code, § [2168.]","status":"in-force","lawOn":"2026-09-28","headings":[{"name":"DIVISION 3. OBLIGATIONS [1427. - 3273.91.]","url":"https://blackletter.si/civil-code/division-3"},{"name":"PART 4. OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM PARTICULAR TRANSACTIONS [1738. - 3273.91.]","url":"https://blackletter.si/civil-code/division-3/part-4"},{"name":"TITLE 7. CARRIAGE [2085. - 2218.]","url":"https://blackletter.si/civil-code/division-3/part-4/title-7"},{"name":"CHAPTER 5. Common Carriers [[2168.] - 2212.]","url":"https://blackletter.si/civil-code/division-3/part-4/title-7/chapter-5"},{"name":"ARTICLE 1. Common Carriers in General [[2168.] - 2178.]","url":"https://blackletter.si/civil-code/division-3/part-4/title-7/chapter-5/article-1"}],"history":"Amended by Code Amendments 1873-74, Ch. 612.","effective":null,"html":"<p> Section Twenty-one Hundred and Sixty-eight. Every one who offers to the public to carry persons, property, or messages, excepting only telegraphic messages, is a common carrier of whatever he thus offers to carry.</p>","text":"Section Twenty-one Hundred and Sixty-eight. Every one who offers to the public to carry persons, property, or messages, excepting only telegraphic messages, is a common carrier of whatever he thus offers to carry.","otherVersions":[],"url":"https://blackletter.si/civil-code/common-carriers-in-general-2168-2178-2168","source":"California Legislative Information bulk export (pubinfo)"}