{"code":"COM","codeName":"Commercial Code","section":"3201","citation":"Com. Code, § 3201","status":"in-force","lawOn":"2026-09-28","headings":[{"name":"DIVISION 3. NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS [3101. - 3605.]","url":"https://blackletter.si/commercial-code/division-3"},{"name":"CHAPTER 2. Negotiation, Transfer, and Indorsement [3201. - 3207.]","url":"https://blackletter.si/commercial-code/division-3/chapter-2"}],"history":"Repealed and added by Stats. 1992, Ch. 914, Sec. 6.   Effective January 1, 1993.","effective":"1993-01-01","html":"<p>(a) “Negotiation” means a transfer of possession, whether voluntary or involuntary, of an instrument by a person other than the issuer to a person who thereby becomes its holder.</p><p>(b) Except for negotiation by a remitter, if an instrument is payable to an identified person, negotiation requires transfer of possession of the instrument and its indorsement by the holder. If an instrument is payable to bearer, it may be negotiated by transfer of possession alone.</p>","text":"(a) “Negotiation” means a transfer of possession, whether voluntary or involuntary, of an instrument by a person other than the issuer to a person who thereby becomes its holder. (b) Except for negotiation by a remitter, if an instrument is payable to an identified person, negotiation requires transfer of possession of the instrument and its indorsement by the holder. If an instrument is payable to bearer, it may be negotiated by transfer of possession alone.","otherVersions":[],"url":"https://blackletter.si/commercial-code/negotiation-transfer-and-indorsement-3201","source":"California Legislative Information bulk export (pubinfo)"}