{"code":"PEN","codeName":"Penal Code","section":"273.86","citation":"Pen. Code, § 273.86","status":"in-force","lawOn":"2026-09-28","headings":[{"name":"PART 1. OF CRIMES AND PUNISHMENTS [25. - 680.4.]","url":"https://blackletter.si/penal-code/part-1"},{"name":"TITLE 9. OF CRIMES AGAINST THE PERSON INVOLVING SEXUAL ASSAULT, AND CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC DECENCY AND GOOD MORALS [261. - 368.7.]","url":"https://blackletter.si/penal-code/part-1/title-9"},{"name":"CHAPTER 2.5. Spousal Abusers [273.8. - 273.88.]","url":"https://blackletter.si/penal-code/part-1/title-9/chapter-2.5"}],"history":"Added by Stats. 1985, Ch. 1122, Sec. 1.","effective":null,"html":"<p>The characterization of a defendant as a “spousal abuser” as defined by this chapter shall not be communicated to the trier of fact.</p>","text":"The characterization of a defendant as a “spousal abuser” as defined by this chapter shall not be communicated to the trier of fact.","otherVersions":[],"url":"https://blackletter.si/penal-code/spousal-abusers-273-86","source":"California Legislative Information bulk export (pubinfo)"}