BlackletterCalifornia law

Code of Civil Procedure § 431.20

ARTICLE 2. Denials and Defenses

Current as of September 28, 2026Code Civ. Proc., § 431.20Official source ↗

Added by Stats. 1971, Ch. 244.

(a) Every material allegation of the complaint or cross-complaint, not controverted by the answer, shall, for the purposes of the action, be taken as true.

(b) The statement of any new matter in the answer, in avoidance or constituting a defense, shall, on the trial, be deemed controverted by the opposite party.