California Constitution
Art. I, § 1 – Art. XXXV, § 7 · 372 sections
ARTICLE I DECLARATION OF RIGHTS Art. I, §§ 1–32 · 35 sections
- Art. I, § 1 All people are by nature free and independent and have inalienable rights. Among these are enjoying and defending life and liberty, acquiring, possessing, and…
- Art. I, § 1.1 The state shall not deny or interfere with an individual’s reproductive freedom in their most intimate decisions, which includes their fundamental right to…
- Art. I, § 2 (a) Every person may freely speak, write and publish his or her sentiments on all subjects, being responsible for the abuse of this right. A law may not…
- Art. I, § 3 (a) The people have the right to instruct their representatives, petition government for redress of grievances, and assemble freely to consult for the common…
- Art. I, § 4 Free exercise and enjoyment of religion without discrimination or preference are guaranteed. This liberty of conscience does not excuse acts that are…
- Art. I, § 5 The military is subordinate to civil power. A standing army may not be maintained in peacetime. Soldiers may not be quartered in any house in wartime except as…
- Art. I, § 6 Slavery is prohibited. Involuntary servitude is prohibited except to punish crime.
- Art. I, § 7 (a) A person may not be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law or denied equal protection of the laws; provided, that nothing…
- Art. I, § 7.5 (a) The right to marry is a fundamental right. (b) This section is in furtherance of both of the following: (1) The inalienable rights to enjoy life and…
- Art. I, § 8 A person may not be disqualified from entering or pursuing a business, profession, vocation, or employment because of sex, race, creed, color, or national or…
- Art. I, § 9 A bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts may not be passed.
- Art. I, § 10 Witnesses may not be unreasonably detained. A person may not be imprisoned in a civil action for debt or tort, or in peacetime for a militia fine.
- Art. I, § 11 Habeas corpus may not be suspended unless required by public safety in cases of rebellion or invasion.
- Art. I, § 12 A person shall be released on bail by sufficient sureties, except for: (a) Capital crimes when the facts are evident or the presumption great; (b) Felony…
- Art. I, § 13 The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable seizures and searches may not be violated; and a…
- Art. I, § 14 Felonies shall be prosecuted as provided by law, either by indictment or, after examination and commitment by a magistrate, by information. A person charged…
- Art. I, § 14.1 If a felony is prosecuted by indictment, there shall be no postindictment preliminary hearing.
- Art. I, § 15 The defendant in a criminal cause has the right to a speedy public trial, to compel attendance of witnesses in the defendant’s behalf, to have the assistance…
- Art. I, § 16 Trial by jury is an inviolate right and shall be secured to all, but in a civil cause three-fourths of the jury may render a verdict. A jury may be waived in a…
- Art. I, § 17 Cruel or unusual punishment may not be inflicted or excessive fines imposed.
- Art. I, § 18 Treason against the State consists only in levying war against it, adhering to its enemies, or giving them aid and comfort. A person may not be convicted of…
- Art. I, § 19 (a) Private property may be taken or damaged for a public use and only when just compensation, ascertained by a jury unless waived, has first been paid to, or…
- Art. I, § 20 Noncitizens have the same property rights as citizens.
- Art. I, § 21 Property owned before marriage or acquired during marriage by gift, will, or inheritance is separate property.
- Art. I, § 22 The right to vote or hold office may not be conditioned by a property qualification.
- Art. I, § 23 One or more grand juries shall be drawn and summoned at least once a year in each county.
- Art. I, § 24 Rights guaranteed by this Constitution are not dependent on those guaranteed by the United States Constitution. In criminal cases the rights of a defendant to…
- Art. I, § 25 The people shall have the right to fish upon and from the public lands of the State and in the waters thereof, excepting upon lands set aside for fish…
- Art. I, § 26 The provisions of this Constitution are mandatory and prohibitory, unless by express words they are declared to be otherwise.
- Art. I, § 27 All statutes of this State in effect on February 17, 1972, requiring, authorizing, imposing, or relating to the death penalty are in full force and effect,…
- Art. I, § 28 (a) The People of the State of California find and declare all of the following: (1) Criminal activity has a serious impact on the citizens of California. The…
- Art. I, § 29 In a criminal case, the people of the State of California have the right to due process of law and to a speedy and public trial.
- Art. I, § 30 (a) This Constitution shall not be construed by the courts to prohibit the joining of criminal cases as prescribed by the Legislature or by the people through…
- Art. I, § 31 (a) The State shall not discriminate against, or grant preferential treatment to, any individual or group on the basis of race, sex, color, ethnicity, or…
- Art. I, § 32 (a) The following provisions are hereby enacted to enhance public safety, improve rehabilitation, and avoid the release of prisoners by federal court order,…
ARTICLE II VOTING, INITIATIVE AND REFERENDUM, AND RECALL Art. II, §§ 1–20 · 21 sections
- Art. II, § 1 All political power is inherent in the people. Government is instituted for their protection, security, and benefit, and they have the right to alter or reform…
- Art. II, § 2 (a) A United States citizen 18 years of age and resident in this State may vote. (b) An elector disqualified from voting while serving a state or federal…
- Art. II, § 2.5 A voter who casts a vote in an election in accordance with the laws of this State shall have that vote counted.
- Art. II, § 3 The Legislature shall define residence and provide for registration and free elections.
- Art. II, § 4 The Legislature shall prohibit improper practices that affect elections and shall provide for the disqualification of electors while mentally incompetent or…
- Art. II, § 5 (a) A voter-nomination primary election shall be conducted to select the candidates for congressional and state elective offices in California. All voters may…
- Art. II, § 6 (a) All judicial, school, county, and city offices, including the Superintendent of Public Instruction, shall be nonpartisan. (b) A political party or party…
- Art. II, § 7 Voting shall be secret.
- Art. II, § 8 (a) The initiative is the power of the electors to propose statutes and amendments to the Constitution and to adopt or reject them. (b) An initiative measure…
- Art. II, § 9 (a) The referendum is the power of the electors to approve or reject statutes or parts of statutes except urgency statutes, statutes calling elections, and…
- Art. II, § 10 (a) An initiative statute or referendum approved by a majority of votes cast thereon takes effect on the fifth day after the Secretary of State files the…
- Art. II, § 11 (a) Initiative and referendum powers may be exercised by the electors of each city or county under procedures that the Legislature shall provide. Except as…
- Art. II, § 12 No amendment to the Constitution, and no statute proposed to the electors by the Legislature or by initiative, that names any individual to hold any office, or…
- Art. II, § 13 Recall is the power of the electors to remove an elective officer.
- Art. II, § 14 (a) Recall of a state officer is initiated by delivering to the Secretary of State a petition alleging reason for recall. Sufficiency of reason is not…
- Art. II, § 15 (a) An election to determine whether to recall an officer and, if appropriate, to elect a successor shall be called by the Governor and held not less than 60…
- Art. II, § 16 The Legislature shall provide for circulation, filing, and certification of petitions, nomination of candidates, and the recall election.
- Art. II, § 17 If recall of the Governor or Secretary of State is initiated, the recall duties of that office shall be performed by the Lieutenant Governor or Controller,…
- Art. II, § 18 A state officer who is not recalled shall be reimbursed by the State for the officer’s recall election expenses legally and personally incurred. Another recall…
- Art. II, § 19 The Legislature shall provide for recall of local officers. This section does not affect counties and cities whose charters provide for recall.
- Art. II, § 20 Terms of elective offices provided for by this Constitution, other than Members of the Legislature, commence on the Monday after January 1 following election.…
ARTICLE III STATE OF CALIFORNIA Art. III, §§ 1–9 · 10 sections
- Art. III, § 1 The State of California is an inseparable part of the United States of America, and the United States Constitution is the supreme law of the land.
- Art. III, § 2 The boundaries of the State are those stated in the Constitution of 1849 as modified pursuant to statute. Sacramento is the capital of California.
- Art. III, § 3 The powers of state government are legislative, executive, and judicial. Persons charged with the exercise of one power may not exercise either of the others…
- Art. III, § 3.5 An administrative agency, including an administrative agency created by the Constitution or an initiative statute, has no power: (a) To declare a statute…
- Art. III, § 4 (a) Except as provided in subdivision (b), salaries of elected state officers may not be reduced during their term of office. Laws that set these salaries are…
- Art. III, § 5 Suits may be brought against the State in such manner and in such courts as shall be directed by law.
- Art. III, § 6 (a) Purpose. English is the common language of the people of the United States of America and the State of California. This section is intended to preserve,…
- Art. III, § 7 (a) The retirement allowance for any person, all of whose credited service in the Legislators’ Retirement System was rendered or was deemed to have been…
- Art. III, § 8 (a) The California Citizens Compensation Commission is hereby created and shall consist of seven members appointed by the Governor. The commission shall…
- Art. III, § 9 The proceeds from the sale of surplus state property occurring on or after the effective date of this section, and any proceeds from the previous sale of…
ARTICLE IV LEGISLATIVE Art. IV, §§ 1–28 · 28 sections
- Art. IV, § 1 The legislative power of this State is vested in the California Legislature which consists of the Senate and Assembly, but the people reserve to themselves the…
- Art. IV, § 1.5 The people find and declare that the Founding Fathers established a system of representative government based upon free, fair, and competitive elections. The…
- Art. IV, § 2 (a) (1) The Senate has a membership of 40 Senators elected for 4-year terms, 20 to begin every 2 years. (2) The Assembly has a membership of 80 members elected…
- Art. IV, § 3 (a) The Legislature shall convene in regular session at noon on the first Monday in December of each even-numbered year and each house shall immediately…
- Art. IV, § 4 (a) To eliminate any appearance of a conflict with the proper discharge of his or her duties and responsibilities, no Member of the Legislature may knowingly…
- Art. IV, § 4.5 Notwithstanding any other provision of this Constitution or existing law, a person elected to or serving in the Legislature on or after November 1, 1990, shall…
- Art. IV, § 5 (a) (1) Each house of the Legislature shall judge the qualifications and elections of its Members and, by rollcall vote entered in the journal, two-thirds of…
- Art. IV, § 6 For the purpose of choosing members of the Legislature, the State shall be divided into 40 Senatorial and 80 Assembly districts to be called Senatorial and…
- Art. IV, § 7 (a) Each house shall choose its officers and adopt rules for its proceedings. A majority of the membership constitutes a quorum, but a smaller number may…
- Art. IV, § 7.5 In the fiscal year immediately following the adoption of this Act, the total aggregate expenditures of the Legislature for the compensation of members and…
- Art. IV, § 8 (a) At regular sessions no bill other than the budget bill may be heard or acted on by committee or either house until the 31st day after the bill is…
- Art. IV, § 8.5 An act amending an initiative statute, an act providing for the issuance of bonds, or a constitutional amendment proposed by the Legislature and submitted to…
- Art. IV, § 9 A statute shall embrace but one subject, which shall be expressed in its title. If a statute embraces a subject not expressed in its title, only the part not…
- Art. IV, § 10 (a) Each bill passed by the Legislature shall be presented to the Governor. It becomes a statute if it is signed by the Governor. The Governor may veto it by…
- Art. IV, § 11 The Legislature or either house may by resolution provide for the selection of committees necessary for the conduct of its business, including committees to…
- Art. IV, § 12 (a) Within the first 10 days of each calendar year, the Governor shall submit to the Legislature, with an explanatory message, a budget for the ensuing fiscal…
- Art. IV, § 12.5 Within 10 days following the submission of a budget pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 12, following the proposed adjustments to the Governor’s Budget…
- Art. IV, § 13 A member of the Legislature may not, during the term for which the member is elected, hold any office or employment under the State other than an elective…
- Art. IV, § 14 A member of the Legislature is not subject to civil process during a session of the Legislature or for 5 days before and after a session.
- Art. IV, § 15 A person who seeks to influence the vote or action of a member of the Legislature in the member’s legislative capacity by bribery, promise of reward,…
- Art. IV, § 16 (a) All laws of a general nature have uniform operation. (b) A local or special statute is invalid in any case if a general statute can be made applicable.
- Art. IV, § 17 The Legislature has no power to grant, or to authorize a city, county, or other public body to grant, extra compensation or extra allowance to a public…
- Art. IV, § 18 (a) The Assembly has the sole power of impeachment. Impeachments shall be tried by the Senate. A person may not be convicted unless, by rollcall vote entered…
- Art. IV, § 19 (a) The Legislature has no power to authorize lotteries, and shall prohibit the sale of lottery tickets in the State. (b) The Legislature may provide for the…
- Art. IV, § 20 (a) The Legislature may provide for division of the State into fish and game districts and may protect fish and game in districts or parts of districts. (b)…
- Art. IV, § 21 To meet the needs resulting from war-caused or enemy-caused disaster in California, the Legislature may provide for: (a) Filling the offices of members of the…
- Art. IV, § 22 It is the right of the people to hold their legislators accountable. To assist the people in exercising this right, at the convening of each regular session of…
- Art. IV, § 28 (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Constitution, no bill shall take effect as an urgency statute if it authorizes or contains an appropriation for…
ARTICLE V EXECUTIVE Art. V, §§ 1–14 · 13 sections
- Art. V, § 1 The supreme executive power of this State is vested in the Governor. The Governor shall see that the law is faithfully executed.
- Art. V, § 2 The Governor shall be elected every fourth year at the same time and places as members of the Assembly and hold office from the Monday after January 1…
- Art. V, § 3 The Governor shall report to the Legislature each calendar year on the condition of the State and may make recommendations.
- Art. V, § 4 The Governor may require executive officers and agencies and their employees to furnish information relating to their duties.
- Art. V, § 5 (a) Unless the law otherwise provides, the Governor may fill a vacancy in office by appointment until a successor qualifies. (b) Whenever there is a vacancy in…
- Art. V, § 6 Authority may be provided by statute for the Governor to assign and reorganize functions among executive officers and agencies and their employees, other than…
- Art. V, § 7 The Governor is commander in chief of a militia that shall be provided by statute. The Governor may call it forth to execute the law.
- Art. V, § 8 (a) Subject to application procedures provided by statute, the Governor, on conditions the Governor deems proper, may grant a reprieve, pardon, and…
- Art. V, § 9 The Lieutenant Governor shall have the same qualifications as the Governor. The Lieutenant Governor is President of the Senate but has only a casting vote.
- Art. V, § 10 The Lieutenant Governor shall become Governor when a vacancy occurs in the office of Governor. The Lieutenant Governor shall act as Governor during the…
- Art. V, § 11 The Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, Controller, Secretary of State, and Treasurer shall be elected at the same time and places and for the same term as…
- Art. V, § 13 Subject to the powers and duties of the Governor, the Attorney General shall be the chief law officer of the State. It shall be the duty of the Attorney…
- Art. V, § 14 (a) To eliminate any appearance of a conflict with the proper discharge of his or her duties and responsibilities, no state officer may knowingly receive any…
ARTICLE VI JUDICIAL Art. VI, §§ 1–22 · 23 sections
- Art. VI, § 1 The judicial power of this State is vested in the Supreme Court, courts of appeal, and superior courts, all of which are courts of record.
- Art. VI, § 2 The Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice of California and 6 associate justices. The Chief Justice may convene the court at any time. Concurrence of 4…
- Art. VI, § 3 The Legislature shall divide the State into districts each containing a court of appeal with one or more divisions. Each division consists of a presiding…
- Art. VI, § 4 In each county there is a superior court of one or more judges. The Legislature shall prescribe the number of judges and provide for the officers and employees…
- Art. VI, § 6 (a) The Judicial Council consists of the Chief Justice and one other judge of the Supreme Court, three judges of courts of appeal, 10 judges of superior…
- Art. VI, § 7 The Commission on Judicial Appointments consists of the Chief Justice, the Attorney General, and the presiding justice of the court of appeal of the affected…
- Art. VI, § 8 (a) The Commission on Judicial Performance consists of one judge of a court of appeal and two judges of superior courts, each appointed by the Supreme Court;…
- Art. VI, § 9 The State Bar of California is a public corporation. Every person admitted and licensed to practice law in this State is and shall be a member of the State Bar…
- Art. VI, § 10 The Supreme Court, courts of appeal, superior courts, and their judges have original jurisdiction in habeas corpus proceedings. Those courts also have original…
- Art. VI, § 11 (a) The Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction when judgment of death has been pronounced. With that exception courts of appeal have appellate jurisdiction…
- Art. VI, § 12 (a) The Supreme Court may, before decision, transfer to itself a cause in a court of appeal. It may, before decision, transfer a cause from itself to a court…
- Art. VI, § 13 No judgment shall be set aside, or new trial granted, in any cause, on the ground of misdirection of the jury, or of the improper admission or rejection of…
- Art. VI, § 14 The Legislature shall provide for the prompt publication of such opinions of the Supreme Court and courts of appeal as the Supreme Court deems appropriate, and…
- Art. VI, § 15 A person is ineligible to be a judge of a court of record unless for 10 years immediately preceding selection, the person has been a member of the State Bar or…
- Art. VI, § 16 (a) Judges of the Supreme Court shall be elected at large and judges of courts of appeal shall be elected in their districts at general elections at the same…
- Art. VI, § 17 A judge of a court of record may not practice law and during the term for which the judge was selected is ineligible for public employment or public office…
- Art. VI, § 18 (a) A judge is disqualified from acting as a judge, without loss of salary, while there is pending (1) an indictment or an information charging the judge in…
- Art. VI, § 18.1 The Commission on Judicial Performance shall exercise discretionary jurisdiction with regard to the oversight and discipline of subordinate judicial officers,…
- Art. VI, § 18.5 (a) Upon request, the Commission on Judicial Performance shall provide to the Governor of any State of the Union the text of any private admonishment, advisory…
- Art. VI, § 19 The Legislature shall prescribe compensation for judges of courts of record. A judge of a court of record may not receive the salary for the judicial office…
- Art. VI, § 20 The Legislature shall provide for retirement, with reasonable allowance, of judges of courts of record for age or disability.
- Art. VI, § 21 On stipulation of the parties litigant the court may order a cause to be tried by a temporary judge who is a member of the State Bar, sworn and empowered to…
- Art. VI, § 22 The Legislature may provide for the appointment by trial courts of record of officers such as commissioners to perform subordinate judicial duties.
ARTICLE VII PUBLIC OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES Art. VII, §§ 1–11 · 11 sections
- Art. VII, § 1 (a) The civil service includes every officer and employee of the State except as otherwise provided in this Constitution. (b) In the civil service permanent…
- Art. VII, § 2 (a) There is a Personnel Board of 5 members appointed by the Governor and approved by the Senate, a majority of the membership concurring, for 10-year terms…
- Art. VII, § 3 (a) The board shall enforce the civil service statutes and, by majority vote of all its members, shall prescribe probationary periods and classifications,…
- Art. VII, § 4 The following are exempt from civil service: (a) Officers and employees appointed or employed by the Legislature, either house, or legislative committees. (b)…
- Art. VII, § 5 A temporary appointment may be made to a position for which there is no employment list. No person may serve in one or more positions under temporary…
- Art. VII, § 6 (a) The Legislature may provide preferences for veterans and their surviving spouses. (b) The board by special rule may permit persons in exempt positions,…
- Art. VII, § 7 A person holding a lucrative office under the United States or other power may not hold a civil office of profit. A local officer or postmaster whose…
- Art. VII, § 8 (a) Every person shall be disqualified from holding any office of profit in this State who shall have been convicted of having given or offered a bribe to…
- Art. VII, § 9 Notwithstanding any other provision of this Constitution, no person or organization which advocates the overthrow of the Government of the United States or the…
- Art. VII, § 10 (a) No person who is found liable in a civil action for making libelous or slanderous statements against an opposing candidate during the course of an election…
- Art. VII, § 11 (a) The Legislators’ Retirement System shall not pay any unmodified retirement allowance or its actuarial equivalent to any person who on or after January 1,…
ARTICLE IX EDUCATION Art. IX, §§ 1–16 · 16 sections
- Art. IX, § 1 A general diffusion of knowledge and intelligence being essential to the preservation of the rights and liberties of the people, the Legislature shall…
- Art. IX, § 2 A Superintendent of Public Instruction shall be elected by the qualified electors of the State at each gubernatorial election. The Superintendent of Public…
- Art. IX, § 2.1 The State Board of Education, on nomination of the Superintendent of Public Instruction, shall appoint one Deputy Superintendent of Public Instruction and…
- Art. IX, § 3 A Superintendent of Schools for each county may be elected by the qualified electors thereof at each gubernatorial election or may be appointed by the county…
- Art. IX, § 3.1 (a) Notwithstanding any provision of this Constitution to the contrary, the Legislature shall prescribe the qualifications required of county superintendents…
- Art. IX, § 3.2 Notwithstanding any provision of this Constitution to the contrary, any two or more chartered counties, or nonchartered counties, or any combination thereof,…
- Art. IX, § 3.3 Except as provided in Section 3.2 of this article, it shall be competent to provide in any charter framed for a county under any provision of this…
- Art. IX, § 5 The Legislature shall provide for a system of common schools by which a free school shall be kept up and supported in each district at least six months in…
- Art. IX, § 6 Each person, other than a substitute employee, employed by a school district as a teacher or in any other position requiring certification qualifications shall…
- Art. IX, § 6½ Nothing in this constitution contained shall forbid the formation of districts for school purposes situate in more than one county or the issuance of bonds by…
- Art. IX, § 7 The Legislature shall provide for the appointment or election of the State Board of Education and a board of education in each county or for the election of a…
- Art. IX, § 7.5 The State Board of Education shall adopt textbooks for use in grades one through eight throughout the State, to be furnished without cost as provided by…
- Art. IX, § 8 No public money shall ever be appropriated for the support of any sectarian or denominational school, or any school not under the exclusive control of the…
- Art. IX, § 9 (a) The University of California shall constitute a public trust, to be administered by the existing corporation known as “The Regents of the University of…
- Art. IX, § 14 The Legislature shall have power, by general law, to provide for the incorporation and organization of school districts, high school districts, and community…
- Art. IX, § 16 (a) It shall be competent, in all charters framed under the authority given by Section 5 of Article XI, to provide, in addition to those provisions allowable…
ARTICLE X WATER Art. X, §§ 1–7 · 7 sections
- Art. X, § 1 The right of eminent domain is hereby declared to exist in the State to all frontages on the navigable waters of this State.
- Art. X, § 2 It is hereby declared that because of the conditions prevailing in this State the general welfare requires that the water resources of the State be put to…
- Art. X, § 3 All tidelands within two miles of any incorporated city, city and county, or town in this State, and fronting on the water of any harbor, estuary, bay, or…
- Art. X, § 4 No individual, partnership, or corporation, claiming or possessing the frontage or tidal lands of a harbor, bay, inlet, estuary, or other navigable water in…
- Art. X, § 5 The use of all water now appropriated, or that may hereafter be appropriated, for sale, rental, or distribution, is hereby declared to be a public use, and…
- Art. X, § 6 The right to collect rates or compensation for the use of water supplied to any county, city and county, or town, or the inhabitants thereof, is a franchise,…
- Art. X, § 7 Whenever any agency of government, local, state, or federal, hereafter acquires any interest in real property in this State, the acceptance of the interest…
ARTICLE X A WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT Art. X A, §§ 1–8 · 8 sections
- Art. X A, § 1 The people of the State hereby provide the following guarantees and protections in this article for water rights, water quality, and fish and wildlife…
- Art. X A, § 2 No statute amending or repealing, or adding to, the provisions of the statute enacted by Senate Bill No. 200 of the 1979–80 Regular Session of the Legislature…
- Art. X A, § 3 No water shall be available for appropriation by storage in, or by direct diversion from, any of the components of the California Wild and Scenic Rivers…
- Art. X A, § 4 No statute amending or repealing, or adding to, the provisions of Part 4.5 (commencing with Section 12200) of Division 6 of the Water Code (the Delta…
- Art. X A, § 5 No public agency may utilize eminent domain proceedings to acquire water rights, which are held for uses within the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta as defined in…
- Art. X A, § 6 (a) The venue of any of the following actions or proceedings brought in a superior court shall be Sacramento County: (1) An action or proceeding to attack,…
- Art. X A, § 7 State agencies shall exercise their authorized powers in a manner consistent with the protections provided by this article.
- Art. X A, § 8 This article shall have no force or effect unless Senate Bill No. 200 of the 1979–80 Regular Session of the Legislature is enacted and takes effect.
ARTICLE X B MARINE RESOURCES PROTECTION ACT OF 1990 Art. X B, §§ 1–16 · 16 sections
- Art. X B, § 1 This article shall be known and may be cited as the Marine Resources Protection Act of 1990.
- Art. X B, § 2 (a) “District” means a fish and game district as defined in the Fish and Game Code by statute on January 1, 1990. (b) Except as specifically provided in this…
- Art. X B, § 3 (a) From January 1, 1991, to December 31, 1993, inclusive, gill nets or trammel nets may only be used in the zone pursuant to a nontransferable permit issued…
- Art. X B, § 4 (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, gill nets and trammel nets may not be used to take any species of rockfish. (b) In ocean waters north of Point…
- Art. X B, § 5 The Department of Fish and Game shall issue a permit to use a gill net or trammel net in the zone for the period specified in subdivision (a) of Section 3 to…
- Art. X B, § 6 The Department of Fish and Game shall charge the following fees for permits issued pursuant to Section 5 pursuant to the following schedule: Calendar Year Fee…
- Art. X B, § 7 (a) Within 90 days after the effective date of this section, every person who intends to seek the compensation provided in subdivision (b) shall notify the…
- Art. X B, § 8 (a) There is hereby created the Marine Resources Protection Account in the Fish and Game Preservation Fund. On and after January 1, 1991, the Department of…
- Art. X B, § 9 Any funds remaining in the Marine Resources Protection Account in the Fish and Game Preservation Fund on or after January 1, 1995, shall, with the approval of…
- Art. X B, § 10 On or before December 31 of each year, the Director of Fish and Game shall prepare and submit a report to the Legislature regarding the implementation of this…
- Art. X B, § 11 It is unlawful for any person to take, possess, receive, transport, purchase, sell, barter, or process any fish obtained in violation of this article.
- Art. X B, § 12 To increase the State’s scientific and biological information on the ocean fisheries of this State, the Department of Fish and Game shall establish a program…
- Art. X B, § 13 (a) The penalty for a first violation of the provisions of Sections 3 and 4 of this article is a fine of not less than one thousand dollars ($1,000) and not…
- Art. X B, § 14 Prior to January 1, 1994, the Fish and Game Commission shall establish four new ecological reserves in ocean waters along the mainland coast. Each ecological…
- Art. X B, § 15 This article does not preempt or supersede any other closures to protect any other wildlife, including sea otters, whales, and shorebirds.
- Art. X B, § 16 If any provision of this article or the application thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, that invalidity shall not affect other provisions…
ARTICLE XI LOCAL GOVERNMENT Art. XI, §§ 1–15 · 16 sections
- Art. XI, § 1 (a) The State is divided into counties which are legal subdivisions of the State. The Legislature shall prescribe uniform procedure for county formation,…
- Art. XI, § 2 (a) The Legislature shall prescribe uniform procedure for city formation and provide for city powers. (b) Except with approval by a majority of its electors…
- Art. XI, § 3 (a) For its own government, a county or city may adopt a charter by majority vote of its electors voting on the question. The charter is effective when filed…
- Art. XI, § 4 County charters shall provide for: (a) A governing body of 5 or more members, elected (1) by district or, (2) at large, or (3) at large, with a requirement…
- Art. XI, § 5 (a) It shall be competent in any city charter to provide that the city governed thereunder may make and enforce all ordinances and regulations in respect to…
- Art. XI, § 6 (a) A county and all cities within it may consolidate as a charter city and county as provided by statute. (b) A charter city and county is a charter city and…
- Art. XI, § 7 A county or city may make and enforce within its limits all local, police, sanitary, and other ordinances and regulations not in conflict with general laws.
- Art. XI, § 7.5 (a) A city or county measure proposed by the legislative body of a city, charter city, county, or charter county and submitted to the voters for approval may…
- Art. XI, § 8 (a) The Legislature may provide that counties perform municipal functions at the request of cities within them. (b) If provided by their respective charters, a…
- Art. XI, § 9 (a) A municipal corporation may establish, purchase, and operate public works to furnish its inhabitants with light, water, power, heat, transportation, or…
- Art. XI, § 10 (a) A local government body may not grant extra compensation or extra allowance to a public officer, public employee, or contractor after service has been…
- Art. XI, § 11 (a) The Legislature may not delegate to a private person or body power to make, control, appropriate, supervise, or interfere with county or municipal…
- Art. XI, § 12 The Legislature may prescribe procedure for presentation, consideration, and enforcement of claims against counties, cities, their officers, agents, or…
- Art. XI, § 13 The provisions of Sections 1(b) (except for the second sentence), 3(a), 4, and 5 of this Article relating to matters affecting the distribution of powers…
- Art. XI, § 14 A local government formed after the effective date of this section, the boundaries of which include all or part of two or more counties, shall not levy a…
- Art. XI, § 15 (a) From the revenues derived from taxes imposed pursuant to the Vehicle License Fee Law (Part 5 (commencing with Section 10701) of Division 2 of the Revenue…
ARTICLE XII PUBLIC UTILITIES Art. XII, §§ 1–9 · 9 sections
- Art. XII, § 1 The Public Utilities Commission consists of 5 members appointed by the Governor and approved by the Senate, a majority of the membership concurring, for…
- Art. XII, § 2 Subject to statute and due process, the commission may establish its own procedures. Any commissioner as designated by the commission may hold a hearing or…
- Art. XII, § 3 Private corporations and persons that own, operate, control, or manage a line, plant, or system for the transportation of people or property, the transmission…
- Art. XII, § 4 The commission may fix rates and establish rules for the transportation of passengers and property by transportation companies, prohibit discrimination, and…
- Art. XII, § 5 The Legislature has plenary power, unlimited by the other provisions of this constitution but consistent with this article, to confer additional authority and…
- Art. XII, § 6 The commission may fix rates, establish rules, examine records, issue subpenas, administer oaths, take testimony, punish for contempt, and prescribe a uniform…
- Art. XII, § 7 A transportation company may not grant free passes or discounts to anyone holding an office in this State; and the acceptance of a pass or discount by a public…
- Art. XII, § 8 A city, county, or other public body may not regulate matters over which the Legislature grants regulatory power to the Commission. This section does not…
- Art. XII, § 9 The provisions of this article restate all related provisions of the Constitution in effect immediately prior to the effective date of this amendment and make…
ARTICLE XIII TAXATION Art. XIII, §§ 1–36 · 39 sections
- Art. XIII, § 1 Unless otherwise provided by this Constitution or the laws of the United States: (a) All property is taxable and shall be assessed at the same percentage of…
- Art. XIII, § 2 The Legislature may provide for property taxation of all forms of tangible personal property, shares of capital stock, evidences of indebtedness, and any legal…
- Art. XIII, § 3 The following are exempt from property taxation: (a) Property owned by the State. (b) Property owned by a local government, except as otherwise provided in…
- Art. XIII, § 3.5 In any year in which the assessment ratio is changed, the Legislature shall adjust the valuation of assessable property described in subdivisions (o), (p) and…
- Art. XIII, § 4 The Legislature may exempt from property taxation in whole or in part: (a) The home of a person or a person’s spouse, including an unmarried surviving spouse,…
- Art. XIII, § 5 Exemptions granted or authorized by Sections 3(e), 3(f), and 4(b) apply to buildings under construction, land required for their convenient use, and equipment…
- Art. XIII, § 6 The failure in any year to claim, in a manner required by the laws in effect at the time the claim is required to be made, an exemption or classification which…
- Art. XIII, § 7 The Legislature, two-thirds of the membership of each house concurring, may authorize county boards of supervisors to exempt real property having a full value…
- Art. XIII, § 8 To promote the conservation, preservation and continued existence of open space lands, the Legislature may define open space land and shall provide that when…
- Art. XIII, § 8.5 The Legislature may provide by law for the manner in which a person of low or moderate income who is 62 years of age or older may postpone ad valorem property…
- Art. XIII, § 9 The Legislature may provide for the assessment for taxation only on the basis of use of a single-family dwelling, as defined by the Legislature, and so much of…
- Art. XIII, § 10 Real property in a parcel of 10 or more acres which, on the lien date and for 2 or more years immediately preceding, has been used exclusively for nonprofit…
- Art. XIII, § 11 (a) Lands owned by a local government that are outside its boundaries, including rights to use or divert water from surface or underground sources and any…
- Art. XIII, § 12 (a) Except as provided in subdivision (b), taxes on personal property, possessory interests in land, and taxable improvements located on land exempt from…
- Art. XIII, § 13 Land and improvements shall be separately assessed.
- Art. XIII, § 14 All property taxed by local government shall be assessed in the county, city, and district in which it is situated.
- Art. XIII, § 15 The Legislature may authorize local government to provide for the assessment or reassessment of taxable property physically damaged or destroyed after the lien…
- Art. XIII, § 16 The county board of supervisors, or one or more assessment appeals boards created by the county board of supervisors, shall constitute the county board of…
- Art. XIII, § 17 The Board of Equalization consists of 5 voting members: the Controller and 4 members elected for 4-year terms at gubernatorial elections. The State shall be…
- Art. XIII, § 18 The Board shall measure county assessment levels annually and shall bring those levels into conformity by adjusting entire secured local assessment rolls. In…
- Art. XIII, § 19 The Board shall annually assess (1) pipelines, flumes, canals, ditches, and aqueducts lying within 2 or more counties and (2) property, except franchises,…
- Art. XIII, § 20 The Legislature may provide maximum property tax rates and bonding limits for local governments.
- Art. XIII, § 21 Within such limits as may be provided under Section 20 of this Article, the Legislature shall provide for an annual levy by county governing bodies of school…
- Art. XIII, § 22 Not more than 25 percent of the total appropriations from all funds of the State shall be raised by means of taxes on real and personal property according to…
- Art. XIII, § 23 If state boundaries change, the Legislature shall determine how property affected shall be taxed.
- Art. XIII, § 24 (a) The Legislature may not impose taxes for local purposes but may authorize local governments to impose them. (b) The Legislature may not reallocate,…
- Art. XIII, § 25 The Legislature shall provide, in the same fiscal year, reimbursements to each local government for revenue lost because of Section 3(k).
- Art. XIII, § 25.5 (a) On or after November 3, 2004, the Legislature shall not enact a statute to do any of the following: (1) (A) Except as otherwise provided in subparagraph…
- Art. XIII, § 26 (a) Taxes on or measured by income may be imposed on persons, corporations, or other entities as prescribed by law. (b) Interest on bonds issued by the State…
- Art. XIII, § 27 The Legislature, a majority of the membership of each house concurring, may tax corporations, including state and national banks, and their franchises by any…
- Art. XIII, § 28 (a) “Insurer,” as used in this section, includes insurance companies or associations and reciprocal or interinsurance exchanges together with their corporate…
- Art. XIII, § 29 (a) The Legislature may authorize counties, cities and counties, and cities to enter into contracts to apportion between them the revenue derived from any…
- Art. XIII, § 30 Every tax shall be conclusively presumed to have been paid after 30 years from the time it became a lien unless the property subject to the lien has been sold…
- Art. XIII, § 31 The power to tax may not be surrendered or suspended by grant or contract.
- Art. XIII, § 32 No legal or equitable process shall issue in any proceeding in any court against this State or any officer thereof to prevent or enjoin the collection of any…
- Art. XIII, § 33 The Legislature shall pass all laws necessary to carry out the provisions of this article.
- Art. XIII, § 34 Neither the State of California nor any of its political subdivisions shall levy or collect a sales or use tax on the sale of, or the storage, use or other…
- Art. XIII, § 35 (a) The people of the State of California find and declare all of the following: (1) Public safety services are critically important to the security and…
- Art. XIII, § 36 (a) For purposes of this section: (1) “Public Safety Services” includes the following: (A) Employing and training public safety officials, including law…
ARTICLE XIII A [TAX LIMITATION] Art. XIII A, §§ 1–7 · 10 sections
- Art. XIII A, § 1 (a) The maximum amount of any ad valorem tax on real property shall not exceed One percent (1%) of the full cash value of such property. The one percent (1%)…
- Art. XIII A, § 2 (a) The “full cash value” means the county assessor’s valuation of real property as shown on the 1975–76 tax bill under “full cash value” or, thereafter, the… see note
- Art. XIII A, § 2.1 (a) Limitation on Property Tax Increases on Primary Residences for Seniors, the Severely Disabled, Wildfire and Natural Disaster Victims, and Families. It is…
- Art. XIII A, § 2.2 (a) Protection of Fire Services, Emergency Response, and County Services. It is the intent of the Legislature in proposing, and the people in adopting, this…
- Art. XIII A, § 2.3 (a) Each county shall annually, no later than the date specified by the California Department of Tax and Fee Administration by regulations adopted pursuant to…
- Art. XIII A, § 3 (a) Any change in state statute which results in any taxpayer paying a higher tax must be imposed by an act passed by not less than two-thirds of all members…
- Art. XIII A, § 4 Cities, Counties and special districts, by a two-thirds vote of the qualified electors of such district, may impose special taxes on such district, except ad…
- Art. XIII A, § 5 This article shall take effect for the tax year beginning on July 1 following the passage of this Amendment, except Section 3 which shall become effective upon…
- Art. XIII A, § 6 If any section, part, clause, or phrase hereof is for any reason held to be invalid or unconstitutional, the remaining sections shall not be affected but will…
- Art. XIII A, § 7 Section 3 of this article does not apply to the California Children and Families First Act of 1998.
ARTICLE XIII B GOVERNMENT SPENDING LIMITATION Art. XIII B, §§ 1–15 · 18 sections
- Art. XIII B, § 1 The total annual appropriations subject to limitation of the State and of each local government shall not exceed the appropriations limit of the entity of…
- Art. XIII B, § 1.5 The annual calculation of the appropriations limit under this article for each entity of local government shall be reviewed as part of an annual financial…
- Art. XIII B, § 2 (a) (1) Fifty percent of all revenues received by the State in a fiscal year and in the fiscal year immediately following it in excess of the amount which may…
- Art. XIII B, § 3 The appropriations limit for any fiscal year pursuant to Sec. 1 shall be adjusted as follows: (a) In the event that the financial responsibility of providing…
- Art. XIII B, § 4 The appropriations limit imposed on any new or existing entity of government by this Article may be established or changed by the electors of such entity,…
- Art. XIII B, § 5 Each entity of government may establish such contingency, emergency, unemployment, reserve, retirement, sinking fund, trust, or similar funds as it shall deem…
- Art. XIII B, § 5.5 Prudent State Reserve. The Legislature shall establish a prudent state reserve fund in such amount as it shall deem reasonable and necessary. Contributions to,…
- Art. XIII B, § 6 (a) Whenever the Legislature or any state agency mandates a new program or higher level of service on any local government, the State shall provide a…
- Art. XIII B, § 7 Nothing in this Article shall be construed to impair the ability of the State or of any local government to meet its obligations with respect to existing or…
- Art. XIII B, § 8 As used in this article and except as otherwise expressly provided herein: (a) “Appropriations subject to limitation” of the State means any authorization to…
- Art. XIII B, § 9 “Appropriations subject to limitation” for each entity of government do not include: (a) Appropriations for debt service. (b) Appropriations required to comply…
- Art. XIII B, § 10 This Article shall be effective commencing with the first day of the fiscal year following its adoption.
- Art. XIII B, § 10.5 For fiscal years beginning on or after July 1, 1990, the appropriations limit of each entity of government shall be the appropriations limit for the 1986–87…
- Art. XIII B, § 11 If any appropriation category shall be added to or removed from appropriations subject to limitation, pursuant to final judgment of any court of competent…
- Art. XIII B, § 12 “Appropriations subject to limitation” of each entity of government shall not include appropriations of revenue from the Cigarette and Tobacco Products Surtax…
- Art. XIII B, § 13 “Appropriations subject to limitation” of each entity of government shall not include appropriations of revenue from the California Children and Families First…
- Art. XIII B, § 14 “Appropriations subject to limitation” of each entity of government shall not include appropriations of revenue from the California Healthcare, Research and…
- Art. XIII B, § 15 “Appropriations subject to limitation” of each entity of government shall not include appropriations of revenues from the Road Maintenance and Rehabilitation…
ARTICLE XIII C [VOTER APPROVAL FOR LOCAL TAX LEVIES] Art. XIII C, §§ 1–3 · 3 sections
- Art. XIII C, § 1 Definitions. As used in this article: (a) “General tax” means any tax imposed for general governmental purposes. (b) “Local government” means any county, city,…
- Art. XIII C, § 2 Local Government Tax Limitation. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Constitution: (a) All taxes imposed by any local government shall be deemed to be…
- Art. XIII C, § 3 Initiative Power for Local Taxes, Assessments, Fees and Charges. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Constitution, including, but not limited to,…
ARTICLE XIII D [ASSESSMENT AND PROPERTY-RELATED FEE REFORM] Art. XIII D, §§ 1–6 · 6 sections
- Art. XIII D, § 1 Application. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the provisions of this article shall apply to all assessments, fees and charges, whether imposed…
- Art. XIII D, § 2 Definitions. As used in this article: (a) “Agency” means any local government as defined in subdivision (b) of Section 1 of Article XIIIC. (b) “Assessment”…
- Art. XIII D, § 3 Property Taxes, Assessments, Fees and Charges Limited. (a) No tax, assessment, fee, or charge shall be assessed by any agency upon any parcel of property or…
- Art. XIII D, § 4 Procedures and Requirements for All Assessments. (a) An agency which proposes to levy an assessment shall identify all parcels which will have a special…
- Art. XIII D, § 5 Effective Date. Pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 10 of Article II, the provisions of this article shall become effective the day after the election…
- Art. XIII D, § 6 Property Related Fees and Charges. (a) Procedures for New or Increased Fees and Charges. An agency shall follow the procedures pursuant to this section in…
ARTICLE XIV LABOR RELATIONS Art. XIV, §§ 1–5 · 5 sections
- Art. XIV, § 1 The Legislature may provide for minimum wages and for the general welfare of employees and for those purposes may confer on a commission legislative,…
- Art. XIV, § 2 Worktime of mechanics or workers on public works may not exceed eight hours a day except in wartime or extraordinary emergencies that endanger life or…
- Art. XIV, § 3 Mechanics, persons furnishing materials, artisans, and laborers of every class, shall have a lien upon the property upon which they have bestowed labor or…
- Art. XIV, § 4 The Legislature is hereby expressly vested with plenary power, unlimited by any provision of this Constitution, to create, and enforce a complete system of…
- Art. XIV, § 5 (a) The Director of Corrections or any county Sheriff or other local government official charged with jail operations, may enter into contracts with public…
ARTICLE XV USURY Art. XV, § 1 · 1 section
- Art. XV, § 1 The rate of interest upon the loan or forbearance of any money, goods, or things in action, or on accounts after demand, shall be 7 percent per annum but it…
ARTICLE XVI PUBLIC FINANCE Art. XVI, §§ 1–23 · 27 sections
- Art. XVI, § 1 The Legislature shall not, in any manner create any debt or debts, liability or liabilities, which shall, singly or in the aggregate with any previous debts or…
- Art. XVI, § 1.3 (a) For the purposes of Section 1, a “single object or work,” for which the Legislature may create a debt or liability in excess of three hundred thousand…
- Art. XVI, § 1.5 The Legislature may create and establish a “General Obligation Bond Proceeds Fund” in the State Treasury, and may provide for the proceeds of the sale of…
- Art. XVI, § 2 (a) No amendment to this Constitution which provides for the preparation, issuance and sale of bonds of the State of California shall hereafter be submitted to…
- Art. XVI, § 3 No money shall ever be appropriated or drawn from the State Treasury for the purpose or benefit of any corporation, association, asylum, hospital, or any other…
- Art. XVI, § 3.5 (a) No statute amending or adding to the provisions of the Medi-Cal Hospital Reimbursement Improvement Act of 2013 shall become effective unless approved by…
- Art. XVI, § 4 The Legislature shall have the power to insure or guarantee loans made by private or public lenders to nonprofit corporations and public agencies, the proceeds…
- Art. XVI, § 5 Neither the Legislature, nor any county, city and county, township, school district, or other municipal corporation, shall ever make an appropriation, or pay…
- Art. XVI, § 6 The Legislature shall have no power to give or to lend, or to authorize the giving or lending, of the credit of the State, or of any county, city and county,…
- Art. XVI, § 7 Money may be drawn from the Treasury only through an appropriation made by law and upon a Controller’s duly drawn warrant.
- Art. XVI, § 8 (a) From all state revenues there shall first be set apart the moneys to be applied by the State for support of the public school system and public…
- Art. XVI, § 8.5 (a) In addition to the amount required to be applied for the support of school districts and community college districts pursuant to Section 8, the Controller…
- Art. XVI, § 9 Money collected under any state law relating to the protection or propagation of fish and game shall be used for activities relating thereto.
- Art. XVI, § 10 Whenever the United States government or any officer or agency thereof shall provide pensions or other aid for the aged, co-operation by the State therewith…
- Art. XVI, § 11 The Legislature has plenary power to provide for the administration of any constitutional provisions or laws heretofore or hereafter enacted concerning the…
- Art. XVI, § 13 Notwithstanding any other provision of this Constitution, the Legislature shall have power to release, rescind, cancel, or otherwise nullify in whole or in…
- Art. XVI, § 14 The Legislature may provide for the issuance of revenue bonds to finance the acquisition, construction, and installation of environmental pollution control…
- Art. XVI, § 14.5 The Legislature may provide for the issuance of revenue bonds to finance the acquisition, construction, and installation of facilities utilizing cogeneration…
- Art. XVI, § 15 A public body authorized to issue securities to provide public parking facilities and any other public body whose territorial area includes such facilities are…
- Art. XVI, § 16 All property in a redevelopment project established under the Community Redevelopment Law as now existing or hereafter amended, except publicly owned property…
- Art. XVI, § 17 The State shall not in any manner loan its credit, nor shall it subscribe to, or be interested in the stock of any company, association, or corporation, except…
- Art. XVI, § 18 (a) No county, city, town, township, board of education, or school district, shall incur any indebtedness or liability in any manner or for any purpose…
- Art. XVI, § 19 All proceedings undertaken by any chartered city, or by any chartered county or by any chartered city and county for the construction of any public…
- Art. XVI, § 20 (a) (1) The Budget Stabilization Account is hereby created in the General Fund. (2) For the 2015–16 fiscal year and each fiscal year thereafter, based on the…
- Art. XVI, § 21 (a) The Public School System Stabilization Account is hereby created in the General Fund. (b) On or before October 1 of each fiscal year, commencing with the…
- Art. XVI, § 22 (a) Upon the Governor’s proclamation declaring a budget emergency and identifying the conditions constituting the emergency, the Legislature may pass a bill…
- Art. XVI, § 23 The tax imposed by the California Healthcare, Research and Prevention Tobacco Tax Act of 2016 and the revenue derived therefrom, including investment interest,…
ARTICLE XVIII AMENDING AND REVISING THE CONSTITUTION Art. XVIII, §§ 1–4 · 4 sections
- Art. XVIII, § 1 The Legislature by rollcall vote entered in the journal, two-thirds of the membership of each house concurring, may propose an amendment or revision of the…
- Art. XVIII, § 2 The Legislature by rollcall vote entered in the journal, two-thirds of the membership of each house concurring, may submit at a general election the question…
- Art. XVIII, § 3 The electors may amend the Constitution by initiative.
- Art. XVIII, § 4 A proposed amendment or revision shall be submitted to the electors and, if approved by a majority of votes cast thereon, takes effect on the fifth day after…
ARTICLE XIX MOTOR VEHICLE REVENUES Art. XIX, §§ 1–10 · 10 sections
- Art. XIX, § 1 The Legislature shall not borrow revenue from the Highway Users Tax Account, or its successor, and shall not use these revenues for purposes, or in ways, other…
- Art. XIX, § 2 Revenues from taxes imposed by the State on motor vehicle fuels for use in motor vehicles upon public streets and highways, over and above the costs of…
- Art. XIX, § 3 Revenues from fees and taxes imposed by the State upon vehicles or their use or operation, over and above the costs of collection and any refunds authorized by…
- Art. XIX, § 4 (a) Except as provided in subdivision (b), the statutory formulas in effect on June 30, 2009, which allocate the revenues described in Section 2 to cities,…
- Art. XIX, § 5 Revenues allocated pursuant to Section 4 may not be expended for the purposes specified in subdivision (b) of Section 2, except for research and planning,…
- Art. XIX, § 6 (a) Up to 25 percent of the revenues allocated to the State pursuant to Section 4 for the purposes specified in subdivision (a) of Section 2 of this article…
- Art. XIX, § 7 If the Legislature reduces or repeals the taxes described in Section 2 and adopts an alternative source of revenue to replace the moneys derived from those…
- Art. XIX, § 8 This article shall not affect or apply to fees or taxes imposed pursuant to the Sales and Use Tax Law or the Vehicle License Fee Law, and all amendments and…
- Art. XIX, § 9 Notwithstanding Sections 2 and 3 of this article, any real property acquired by the expenditure of the designated tax revenues by an entity other than the…
- Art. XIX, § 10 Notwithstanding any other provision of this Constitution, the Legislature, by statute, with respect to surplus state property acquired by the expenditure of…
ARTICLE XIX A LOANS FROM THE PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION ACCOUNT OR LOCAL TRANSPORTATION FUNDS Art. XIX A, §§ 1–2 · 2 sections
- Art. XIX A, § 1 (a) The Legislature shall not borrow revenues from the Public Transportation Account, or any successor account, and shall not use these revenues for purposes,…
- Art. XIX A, § 2 (a) As used in this section, a “local transportation fund” is a fund created under Section 29530 of the Government Code, or any successor to that statute. (b)…
ARTICLE XIX B MOTOR VEHICLE FUEL SALES TAX REVENUES AND TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENT FUNDING Art. XIX B, §§ 1–2 · 2 sections
- Art. XIX B, § 1 The Legislature shall not borrow revenues from the Transportation Investment Fund, or its successor, and shall not use these revenues for purposes, or in ways,…
- Art. XIX B, § 2 (a) For the 2003–04 fiscal year and each fiscal year thereafter, all revenues that are collected during the fiscal year from taxes under the Sales and Use Tax…
ARTICLE XIX C [ENFORCEMENT OF CERTAIN PROVISIONS] Art. XIX C, §§ 1–4 · 4 sections
- Art. XIX C, § 1 If any challenge to invalidate an action that violates Article XIX, XIXA, or XIXB is successful either by way of a final judgment, settlement, or resolution by…
- Art. XIX C, § 2 If any challenge to invalidate an action that violates Section 24 or Section 25.5 of Article XIII is successful either by way of a final judgment, settlement,…
- Art. XIX C, § 3 Interest calculated at the Pooled Money Investment Fund rate from the date or dates the revenues were unlawfully taken or diverted shall accrue to the amounts…
- Art. XIX C, § 4 If in any challenge brought pursuant to this section a restraining order or preliminary injunction is issued, the plaintiffs or petitioners shall not be…
ARTICLE XIX D VEHICLE LICENSE FEE REVENUES FOR TRANSPORTATION PURPOSES Art. XIX D, § 1 · 1 section
- Art. XIX D, § 1 (a) Notwithstanding Section 8 of Article XIX, revenues derived from vehicle fees imposed under the Vehicle License Fee Law pursuant to Chapter 6 (commencing…
ARTICLE XX MISCELLANEOUS SUBJECTS Art. XX, §§ 1–23 · 10 sections
- Art. XX, § 1 Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 6 of Article XI, the County of Sacramento and all or any of the cities within the County of Sacramento may be…
- Art. XX, § 1.5 The Legislature shall protect, by law, from forced sale a certain portion of the homestead and other property of all heads of families.
- Art. XX, § 2 Except for tax exemptions provided in Article XIII, the rights, powers, privileges, and confirmations conferred by Sections 10 and 15 of Article IX in effect…
- Art. XX, § 3 Members of the Legislature, and all public officers and employees, executive, legislative, and judicial, except such inferior officers and employees as may be…
- Art. XX, § 4 The Legislature shall not pass any laws permitting the leasing or alienation of any franchise, so as to relieve the franchise or property held thereunder from…
- Art. XX, § 5 All laws now in force in this State concerning corporations and all laws that may be hereafter passed pursuant to this section may be altered from time to time…
- Art. XX, § 6 Any legislator whose term of office is reduced by operation of the amendment to subdivision (a) of Section 2 of Article IV adopted by the people in 1972 shall,…
- Art. XX, § 7 The limitations on the number of terms prescribed by Section 2 of Article IV, Sections 2 and 11 of Article V, Section 2 of Article IX, and Section 17 of…
- Art. XX, § 22 The State of California, subject to the internal revenue laws of the United States, shall have the exclusive right and power to license and regulate the…
- Art. XX, § 23 Notwithstanding any other provision of this Constitution, the Speaker of the Assembly shall be an ex officio member, having equal rights and duties with the…
ARTICLE XXI REDISTRICTING OF SENATE, ASSEMBLY, CONGRESSIONAL AND BOARD OF EQUALIZATION DISTRICTS Art. XXI, §§ 1–4 · 4 sections
- Art. XXI, § 1 In the year following the year in which the national census is taken under the direction of Congress at the beginning of each decade, the Citizens…
- Art. XXI, § 2 (a) The Citizens Redistricting Commission shall be created no later than December 31 in 2010, and in each year ending in the number zero thereafter. (b) The…
- Art. XXI, § 3 (a) The commission has the sole legal standing to defend any action regarding a certified final map, and shall inform the Legislature if it determines that…
- Art. XXI, § 4 (a) It is the policy of the State of California to support the use of fair, independent, and nonpartisan redistricting commissions nationwide. The people of…
ARTICLE XXII [ARCHITECTURAL AND ENGINEERING SERVICES] Art. XXII, §§ 1–2 · 2 sections
- Art. XXII, § 1 The State of California and all other governmental entities, including, but not limited to, cities, counties, cities and counties, school districts and other…
- Art. XXII, § 2 Nothing contained in Article VII of this Constitution shall be construed to limit, restrict or prohibit the State or any other governmental entities,…
ARTICLE XXXIV PUBLIC HOUSING PROJECT LAW Art. XXXIV, §§ 1–4 · 4 sections
- Art. XXXIV, § 1 No low rent housing project shall hereafter be developed, constructed, or acquired in any manner by any state public body until, a majority of the qualified…
- Art. XXXIV, § 2 The provisions of this Article shall be self-executing but legislation not in conflict herewith may be enacted to facilitate its operation.
- Art. XXXIV, § 3 If any portion, section or clause of this article, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance, shall for any reason be declared unconstitutional…
- Art. XXXIV, § 4 The provisions of this Article shall supersede all provisions of this Constitution and laws enacted thereunder in conflict therewith.
ARTICLE XXXV MEDICAL RESEARCH Art. XXXV, §§ 1–7 · 7 sections
- Art. XXXV, § 1 There is hereby established the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine.
- Art. XXXV, § 2 The institute shall have the following purposes: (a) To make grants and loans for stem cell research, for research facilities, and for other vital research…
- Art. XXXV, § 3 No funds authorized for, or made available to, the institute shall be used for research involving human reproductive cloning.
- Art. XXXV, § 4 Funds authorized for, or made available to, the institute shall be continuously appropriated without regard to fiscal year, be available and used only for the…
- Art. XXXV, § 5 There is hereby established a right to conduct stem cell research which includes research involving adult stem cells, cord blood stem cells, pluripotent stem…
- Art. XXXV, § 6 Notwithstanding any other provision of this Constitution or any law, the institute, which is established in state government, may utilize state issued…
- Art. XXXV, § 7 Notwithstanding any other provision of this Constitution, including Article VII, or any law, the institute and its employees are exempt from civil service.